Course Content
Introduction to C#
What is C#? C# (pronounced "C sharp") is a general-purpose, modern programming language developed by Microsoft as part of its .NET framework. It was first introduced in 2000 and has since become one of the primary languages used for building Windows desktop applications, web applications, and other software solutions on the Microsoft platform. C# is an object-oriented programming (OOP) language that combines the power and flexibility of C++ with the simplicity and ease of use of Visual Basic. It is designed to be a simple, efficient, and type-safe language that enables developers to create robust and scalable applications. Some key features of C# include: • Object-Oriented Programming (OOP): C# supports fundamental OOP concepts such as encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism, allowing developers to create modular and reusable code. • Type Safety: C# enforces strict type checking, which helps prevent errors and promotes code reliability. • Garbage Collection: C# includes automatic memory management through a garbage collector, which frees developers from managing memory manually. • Language Integration: C# integrates seamlessly with other .NET languages, allowing developers to leverage existing libraries and components. • Rich Standard Library: C# provides a comprehensive standard library that offers a wide range of functionality for common tasks, including input/output operations, network programming, and database access. • Platform Independence: While C# was initially designed for Windows development, it has expanded its reach through cross-platform frameworks like .NET Core and Xamarin, enabling developers to build applications that run on multiple operating systems, including Windows, macOS, and Linux. Overall, C# is a versatile language that empowers developers to build a variety of software applications, from desktop applications and web services to mobile apps and games, using the .NET framework.
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Setting up the development environment
A key component of C# development is the Visual Studio integrated development environment (IDE). This lesson lets you look into the IDE. You learn how to configure it for C# development.
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Basic syntax and concepts (C# Basics)
This topic contains fundamentals of C# programming
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Classes and objects
Classes and objects In C#, classes and objects are fundamental concepts of object-oriented programming (OOP). They provide a way to define the structure and behavior of objects, which are instances of classes. Here's an overview of classes and objects in C#:
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Advanced topics
Certainly! Here are a few advanced topics in C# that you might find interesting:
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Project organization
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About Lesson

Handling Exceptions

Exception handling is an essential aspect of programming to handle runtime errors or exceptional situations that may occur during the execution of a program. In C#, exceptions are managed through the use of try-catch blocks. Here’s an overview of how exception handling works in C#:

  1. Try-Catch Blocks:

  • A try-catch block is used to enclose a section of code that might raise an exception.
  • The try block contains the code that might cause an exception.
  • The catch block(s) define how to handle specific exceptions that occur within the try block.

Example:

try

{

    // Code that might throw an exception

}

catch (ExceptionType1 ex1)

{

    // Code to handle ExceptionType1

}

catch (ExceptionType2 ex2)

{

    // Code to handle ExceptionType2

}

catch (Exception ex)

{

    // Code to handle other exceptions

}

finally

{

    // Optional finally block to execute code regardless of whether an exception occurred

}

  1. Throwing Exceptions:

  • Exceptions can be explicitly thrown using the throw keyword.
  • This allows you to raise custom exceptions or handle exceptional situations in your code.

Example:

if (someCondition)

{

    throw new Exception(“Something went wrong!”);

}

  1. Exception Types and Hierarchy:

 

  • C# provides a hierarchy of exception types that cover various categories of exceptions.
  • The Exception class is the base class for all exceptions.
  • Derived classes like ArgumentException, InvalidOperationException, etc., provide more specific exception handling.
  • You can also create custom exception classes by deriving from Exception or its subclasses.
  1. Handling Multiple Exceptions:

  • Multiple catch blocks can be used to handle different types of exceptions that might occur.
  • The catch blocks are evaluated in order, and the first matching catch block is executed.
  • The catch block(s) can handle specific exceptions or use the base Exception type to catch any exception.

Example:

try

{

    // Code that might throw exceptions

}

catch (DivideByZeroException ex)

{

    // Handle DivideByZeroException

}

catch (IOException ex)

{

    // Handle IOException

}

catch (Exception ex)

{

    // Handle other exceptions

}

  1. Finally Block:

  • The finally block is an optional block that follows the catch block(s).
  • It is executed regardless of whether an exception occurred.
  • Use the finally block to release resources or perform cleanup tasks.

Example:

try

{

    // Code that might throw an exception

}

catch (Exception ex)

{

    // Handle exception

}

finally

{

    // Cleanup code or resource release

}                                                                             

  1. Exception Propagation:

  • If an exception is not caught within a method, it propagates up the call stack until it is caught or reaches the top-level of the application.
  • Unhandled exceptions result in termination of the program and display an error message.

By utilizing try-catch blocks and handling exceptions appropriately, you can gracefully handle exceptional situations, provide meaningful error messages, and ensure that your program continues to execute without unexpected terminations. It also helps in debugging and identifying issues during development and production environments.